Corrosion Analysis- Metallurgical Evaluation
Corrosion Analysis & Testing Services
Corrosion analysis identifies, measures, and quantifies the degradation of metals and alloys exposed to harsh environments and mechanical stresses. Material components rarely fail due to a single isolated factor; more often, it is a catastrophic combination of environmental chemistry and operational stress that forces a breakdown.
The goal of our corrosion evaluation laboratory is to pinpoint the exact type of corrosion damage, diagnose the underlying root cause, and deliver actionable data to mitigate future liability. Whether you are validating material selection during product development or mapping out a preventive maintenance schedule, IMR Test Labs provides the precise metallurgical insights you need.
Technical Approach: Macro vs. Micro Evaluation
To provide a definitive diagnosis, our forensic engineers evaluate corrosion using a dual-level analytical approach:
- Metallurgical Analysis: We examine the overall structure and macro-properties of the alloy. By mapping phase distributions, chemical compositions, and grain boundaries, we diagnose how the bulk material responds to specific operating conditions.
- Microstructural Inspection: Utilizing advanced optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), we investigate the microscale origin of the attack. This allows us to isolate specific localized corrosion mechanisms and track early-stage sub-surface damage.
Our Corrosion Testing Capabilities
To help you find the exact protocol required for your project or compliance standard, our testing catalog is organized into four core engineering categories:
1. Uniform & Localized Material Loss Tests
- General Corrosion Testing: Measures uniform material loss across an entire metallic surface over a specified timeframe to establish baseline environmental degradation rates.
- Pitting Corrosion Testing: Evaluates a material’s vulnerability to highly destructive, localized attacks that form deep micro-cavities or holes at local anodic sites.
- Laboratory Immersion Testing: Immerses material coupons in customized solution matrices that accurately mimic the real-world chemistry your product will face, allowing for direct material-to-material comparison.
- Heat & Fluid Aging: Subjects materials to simultaneous high temperatures and aggressive fluids to simulate accelerated, long-term environmental lifecycle exposure.
2. Advanced Electrochemical Analysis
- Electrochemical Corrosion Testing: Evaluates real-time corrosion kinetics by analyzing a material's electrical behavior in simulated operational fluids.
- Potentiodynamic Polarization Testing: Varies the potential difference over time between the sample and a reference electrode. By plotting the resulting data on a polarization curve, we precisely calculate corrosion potential and current density to compare corrosion mitigation methods.
3. Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) & Environmental Stress Tests
- Susceptibility to Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC): Evaluates a material's structural limits when simultaneously subjected to tensile load and a corrosive environment, a critical test for copper and high-strength alloys.
- Environmental Stress Cracking (ESC): Analyzes non-metallic or composite vulnerabilities under combined mechanical stress and chemical exposure.
- Slow Strain Rate Testing (SSRT): Applies a continuous, ultra-slow tensile deformation rate (typically 0.05 to 0.5 mm/min) within a corrosive environment to monitor rapid crack evolution.
- Stress-Corrosion of Titanium Alloys: Maps environmental cracking thresholds in titanium subjected to saltwater or acidic environments, helping determine the critical stress intensity factor ($K_{ISCC}$).
- U-Bend Sample Preparation: We precisely bend and fixture metal specimens into a self-stressed "U" shape prior to chemical immersion to evaluate localized stress-corrosion cracking performance.
4. Specialty Alloys & Industry-Specific Standards
- Sensitization Testing (Stainless Steel): Assesses stainless steels for intergranular corrosion (IGC) and stress cracking caused by chromium carbide precipitation at grain boundaries during improper heat treatment.
- Passivation Testing for Medical Devices: Validates the effectiveness of surface passivation treatments on medical components (e.g., using saline exposures) to ensure implants will not degrade inside the human body.
- Galvanic Corrosion of Medical Implants: Evaluates the safety and electrochemical interactions of dissimilar metals in direct contact within an electrolyte solution, such as bodily fluids.
- Dezincification (Australian Standard): Evaluates the selective dealloying resistance of brass components to prevent zinc leaching and structural sponginess.
- Formicary (Ant’s Nest) Corrosion: Specializes in identifying organic-compound-driven, microscopic tunneling corrosion within copper HVAC and plumbing tubes.
- Mercurous Nitrate Testing: Exposes copper alloys to mercurous nitrate solutions to rapidly detect internal residual stresses via accelerated mercury-based cracking.
- Moist Ammonia Vapor Testing: An accelerated corrosion standard used to evaluate copper alloy vulnerability to ammonia-induced stress corrosion cracking.
Corrosion Testing Methods: ASTM and ISO Standards
- AS 2345: Corrosion of Metals: Resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking
- ASTM A226: Standard Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack In Austenitic Stainless Steels
- ASTM B154: Standard Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper Alloys
- ASTM B858: Standard Test Method for Measurement of Time-of-Wetness on Surfaces Exposed to Wetting Conditions as in Atmospheric Corrosion Testing
- ASTM F945: Standard Test Method for Compressibility and Recovery of Gasket Materials
- ASTM G30: Standard Practice for Making and Using U-Bend Stress-Corrosion Test Specimens
- ASTM G31: Standard Practice for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testing of Metals
- ASTM G36: Standard Practice for Evaluating Stress-Corrosion Cracking Resistance of Metals and Alloys in a Boiling Magnesium Chloride Solution
- ASTM G46: Standard Guide for Examination and Evaluation of Pitting Corrosion.
- ASTM G47: Standard Test Method for Determining Susceptibility to Stress-Corrosion Cracking of 2XXX and 7XXX Aluminum Alloy Products
- ASTM G48: Standard Test Methods for Pitting and Crevice Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steels and Related Alloys by Use of Ferric Chloride Solution
- ASTM G123: Standard Test Method for Evaluating Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Alloys with Different Nickel Content in Boiling Acidified Sodium Chloride Solution
- ASTM G129: Standard Practice for Slow Strain Rate Testing to Evaluate the Susceptibility of Metallic Materials to Environmentally Assisted Cracking
- ISO 6509-1: Corrosion of Metals and Alloys -- Determination of Dezincification Resistance of Copper Alloys with Zinc
- ISO 12614-2: Safety Requirements for Compressed Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles
RELEVANT ACCREDITATIONS
Click here for a complete list of accreditations and certifications for all IMR Test Labs locations.